Reefwander

Red Sea & Gulf of Aden · Saudi Arabia

Farasan Banks & Al Lith

Whale sharks gather each spring on a reef almost nobody dives

The Farasan Banks are several hundred reefs spread across the southern Saudi Red Sea, closed to foreign divers for decades and still visited by only a handful of liveaboards a year. The coral is largely undamaged and the fish are unwary. Off Al Lith, the reef of Shib Habil hosts a spring aggregation of whale sharks — mostly juveniles, gathering in numbers between March and May, in one of the few places the species is studied against a near-pristine reef background.

About diving in Farasan Banks & Al Lith

There is no infrastructure here to lean on. A trip means a chartered boat, long transits between reef groups and days without sighting another dive vessel, and because many of these reefs carry no moorings and no settled site names, the crew scouts from the tender and drops divers live off the back. Briefings are short on detail for the plain reason that nobody has dived the spot often enough to have any. Plans move with the wind, and the itinerary is a direction of travel rather than a schedule.

The banks are shallow ground broken by reef after reef, and the diving splits into two kinds of day. Inside, among the islands, the water is calm and coral grows in gardens down sheltered slopes, easy dives where the point is how intact the structure looks. On the seaward edges the reefs fall away properly and pick up current, and those dives are spent watching the open water off the wall. Southern Red Sea water runs warmer and greener than the north, so expect shorter sightlines and thinner exposure suits than an Egyptian trip.

Fish here often hold their ground rather than fading off, which is what most divers notice first, though it varies reef to reef: the Farasan Islands have carried protected status since the 1990s, while artisanal fishing still works parts of the banks. Because so few divers pass through, there is also no received wisdom about which reefs are the good ones, and a week can turn up a wall nobody aboard has seen before.

The spring whale shark aggregation is why most people book, and it helps to know what it is. The animals feed near the surface, so the best of it happens shallow and often on a breath rather than on scuba, and it runs to a season rather than a date, which means a trip can miss it. Otherwise the reefs carry the week on their own. It suits self-sufficient divers happy to trade famous sites and easy logistics for reefs almost nobody has been on, and it makes a poor first liveaboard.

Best time to dive Farasan Banks & Al Lith

Farasan Banks & Al Lith season rating, sea surface temperature, daytime high and rainfall by month, 2011–2025 averages
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
SeasonGoodGoodPrimePrimePrimeFairFairFairFairGoodGoodGood
Sea surface28°C82°F27°C81°F28°C82°F29°C84°F31°C88°F31°C88°F30°C86°F31°C88°F31°C88°F32°C90°F31°C88°F29°C84°F
Daytime high29°C84°F29°C84°F30°C86°F32°C90°F34°C93°F36°C97°F35°C95°F35°C95°F35°C95°F34°C93°F32°C90°F30°C86°F
Rain8 mm0.3 in5 mm0.2 in6 mm0.2 in13 mm0.5 in7 mm0.3 in4 mm0.2 in3 mm0.1 in14 mm0.6 in7 mm0.3 in11 mm0.4 in29 mm1.1 in9 mm0.4 in
Farasan Banks & Al Lith season rating, sea surface temperature, daytime high and rainfall by month, January to June, 2011–2025 averages
JanFebMarAprMayJun
GoodGoodPrimePrimePrimeFair
Sea surface
28°C82°F27°C81°F28°C82°F29°C84°F31°C88°F31°C88°F
Daytime high
29°C84°F29°C84°F30°C86°F32°C90°F34°C93°F36°C97°F
Rain
8 mm0.3 in5 mm0.2 in6 mm0.2 in13 mm0.5 in7 mm0.3 in4 mm0.2 in
Farasan Banks & Al Lith season rating, sea surface temperature, daytime high and rainfall by month, July to December, 2011–2025 averages
JulAugSepOctNovDec
FairFairFairGoodGoodGood
Sea surface
30°C86°F31°C88°F31°C88°F32°C90°F31°C88°F29°C84°F
Daytime high
35°C95°F35°C95°F35°C95°F34°C93°F32°C90°F30°C86°F
Rain
3 mm0.1 in14 mm0.6 in7 mm0.3 in11 mm0.4 in29 mm1.1 in9 mm0.4 in

2011–2025 averages. Sea surface: NOAA Coral Reef Watch, measured at the surface, so deeper water can run colder. Daytime high and rain: NASA POWER.

Whale sharks aggregate at Shib Habil Mar–May; midsummer surface temperatures above 40°C make the region impractical.

Best months: March, April, May

Farasan Banks water temperature and weather by month

The sea surface runs from 27 °C (81 °F) in February to 32 °C (90 °F) in October. Rain is scarce: about 120 mm (4.7 in) falls in a typical year. Daytime highs reach 36 °C (97 °F) in June and drop to 29 °C (84 °F) in January. The coldest water here is about 25 °C (77 °F), so pack a 3 mm full suit.

Dive types & marine life

Whale sharks are the Mar-May draw at Shib Habil and are rarely reported outside that window. The rest is standing wildlife: reef sharks and jacks patrol the seaward walls, mantas pass through, and hammerheads are a chance rather than a plan. Napoleon wrasse and turtles are reef regulars, and dolphins turn up on the long transits between reef groups.

  • Reef
  • Wall
  • Drift
  • Pelagic & blue water
  • Coral garden
  • Whale sharks
  • Manta rays
  • Reef sharks
  • Hammerheads
  • Dolphins
  • Pristine corals
  • Napoleon wrasse
  • Trevally & jacks
  • Sea turtles

Best dive sites in Farasan Banks & Al Lith

Columnar Porites framework standing 10 m off the bottom

3–12 mbeginner

Wall diving where the drop runs to 500 m in places

to 35 madvanced

A huge gorgonian at 35 m on the longest reef off Al Lith

25–35 m · max 80 madvanced

Stepped plateaus at 25, 35 and 60 m with gorgonians in the deep

25–35 m · max 60 madvanced

Juvenile whale sharks gather here every spring, in groups of two to four

8–25 m · max 80 mintermediate

How to get to Farasan Banks & Al Lith

Jeddah is the flight gateway and the usual meeting point, though some trips join at Al Lith, two to three hours south by road. Departures are few and often sold as whole-boat charters, so dates are fixed a long way out. Saudi Arabia's tourist e-visa, introduced in 2019, is what opened this coast to foreign divers; alcohol is illegal countrywide and boats run dry.

Dive videos

Epic Hammerhead & Silky Shark Dive at the Farasan Banks in Saudi Arabia · Markus Leppert on YouTube

Beautifull Red Sea Farasan Banks Dive 4K | Saudi Arabia Liveaboard Coral Reef Adventure · Ocean’s globe trotter on YouTube

Embed

Run a dive centre, club or blog? Embed this map of 4 dive sites near Farasan Banks on your own page.

In The Logbook

Similar destinations

Red Sea & Gulf of Aden

Light shafts cut through shallow coral caves at Umm Kharārīm

22–30°C · 72–86°Fvis 40 m · 130 ftadvanced

Red Sea & Gulf of Aden

Juvenile whale sharks gather in the Gulf of Tadjoura through the winter plankton bloom.

24–30°C · 75–86°Fvis 20 m · 66 ftintermediate

Red Sea & Gulf of Aden

Uncrowded Fury Shoals reefs, from shallow caves to Sha'ab Maksur's drop-offs

23–31°C · 73–88°Fvis 30 m · 100 ftintermediate

Red Sea & Gulf of Aden

Dugongs at Abu Dabbab, spinner dolphins at Sha'ab Samadai, sharks at Elphinstone

23–30°C · 73–86°Fvis 30 m · 100 ftintermediate