Reefwander
Fiery orange sunset over the tidal flats of Donsol Bay with a fishing boat silhouetted on the shore

Coral Triangle · Philippines

Donsol & Ticao Pass

Community-run whale shark tourism, and mantas queueing in Ticao Pass

Photo: AwOiSoAk KaOsIoWa · CC BY-SA 3.0

Donsol built the template for community-run whale shark tourism: strictly regulated, snorkel-only, with spotters guiding small boats onto animals feeding in plankton-rich water off the Sorsogon coast. Sightings are seasonal and never guaranteed, but in a good year the bay holds dozens. An hour away, Ticao Pass funnels current between islands across the Manta Bowl, a shallow cleaning station where reef mantas queue up and thresher sharks occasionally appear.

About diving in Donsol & Ticao Pass

A Donsol morning is organised on land long before anyone gets wet. Trips are registered at the town's visitor centre, everyone sits through the interaction briefing, and boats go out with a spotter up top and a Butanding Interaction Officer aboard to hold people to the rules: no touching, no crowding, no dropping down onto the animal. The boat then patrols, sometimes for hours. When a shark is found a small group slips into the water ahead of it, swims for as long as the encounter lasts, and climbs back aboard to look for the next.

Ticao is a different discipline. The pass is a tidal channel between Ticao Island and the Bicol mainland, and the volume of water moving through it is what the cleaning stations run on, so dives are timed to the tide rather than to the day's schedule. The pattern is a fast negative descent, a spell parked on one patch of low reef watching the blue, then letting go and drifting off. There is little scenery to fall back on; the interest is in what passes.

Both halves run on the same water. The plankton that draws sharks into the bay and keeps the pass productive is also why visibility can fall to five metres or less exactly when the animals are thickest on the ground. Divers arriving from clear-water reef destinations find that trade hard to accept, and it is worth understanding before booking rather than after. Nothing about the region rewards a tight itinerary or a single-day visit.

It suits patient divers who are comfortable being moved around by water and who will accept a handful of encounters from a week rather than a full logbook. It is a poor fit for anyone who needs a guaranteed sighting, and a poor fit for a first tropical trip. Most people build in slack days and treat the bay and the pass as two separate gambles rather than one itinerary, since either can be blanked by weather, current or plain absence.

Best time to dive Donsol & Ticao Pass

Donsol & Ticao Pass season rating, sea surface temperature, daytime high and rainfall by month, 2011–2025 averages
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
SeasonGoodPrimePrimePrimePrimeGoodFairFairFairFairGoodGood
Sea surface27°C81°F26°C79°F27°C81°F28°C82°F29°C84°F30°C86°F29°C84°F29°C84°F29°C84°F29°C84°F28°C82°F27°C81°F
Daytime high30°C86°F30°C86°F31°C88°F33°C91°F34°C93°F33°C91°F32°C90°F32°C90°F32°C90°F32°C90°F31°C88°F30°C86°F
Rain420 mm16.5 in242 mm9.5 in207 mm8.1 in114 mm4.5 in152 mm6.0 in209 mm8.2 in295 mm11.6 in207 mm8.1 in266 mm10.5 in335 mm13.2 in368 mm14.5 in535 mm21.1 in
Donsol & Ticao Pass season rating, sea surface temperature, daytime high and rainfall by month, January to June, 2011–2025 averages
JanFebMarAprMayJun
GoodPrimePrimePrimePrimeGood
Sea surface
27°C81°F26°C79°F27°C81°F28°C82°F29°C84°F30°C86°F
Daytime high
30°C86°F30°C86°F31°C88°F33°C91°F34°C93°F33°C91°F
Rain
420 mm16.5 in242 mm9.5 in207 mm8.1 in114 mm4.5 in152 mm6.0 in209 mm8.2 in
Donsol & Ticao Pass season rating, sea surface temperature, daytime high and rainfall by month, July to December, 2011–2025 averages
JulAugSepOctNovDec
FairFairFairFairGoodGood
Sea surface
29°C84°F29°C84°F29°C84°F29°C84°F28°C82°F27°C81°F
Daytime high
32°C90°F32°C90°F32°C90°F32°C90°F31°C88°F30°C86°F
Rain
295 mm11.6 in207 mm8.1 in266 mm10.5 in335 mm13.2 in368 mm14.5 in535 mm21.1 in

2011–2025 averages. Sea surface: NOAA Coral Reef Watch, measured at the surface, so deeper water can run colder. Daytime high and rain: NASA POWER.

Whale sharks are in Donsol Nov–Jun, peaking Feb–May; manta activity at the Bowl follows a similar window before typhoon season.

Best months: February, March, April, May

Donsol & Ticao Pass water temperature and weather by month

The sea surface runs from 26 °C (79 °F) in February to 30 °C (86 °F) in June. Most rain falls from October to January, peaking at about 540 mm (21 in) in December; April and May are the driest. Daytime highs reach 34 °C (93 °F) in May and drop to 30 °C (86 °F) in January. The coldest water here is about 26 °C (79 °F), so pack a 3 mm full suit.

Dive types & marine life

Whale sharks are in the bay from roughly November to June, with the best odds February to May; manta activity over the Bowl follows much the same window, with mobulas alongside them and threshers an occasional bonus rather than a target. Jacks, barracuda, turtles and reef sharks hold on the pass and the sheltered reefs whenever conditions allow them to be dived.

  • Pelagic & blue water
  • Drift
  • Reef
  • Muck & macro
  • Whale sharks
  • Manta rays
  • Thresher sharks
  • Reef sharks
  • Mobula rays
  • Trevally & jacks
  • Sea turtles
  • Barracuda

Best dive sites in Donsol & Ticao Pass

Overhangs and ledges worked at macro range

to 18 m · max 24 mintermediate

A steep face with frogfish on it and tuna off it

to 20 mintermediate

Squid and cuttlefish eggs wedged between the rocks

to 16 mbeginner

Four hectares of shallow cleaning station in the pass

20–22 mintermediate

Cave & cavern

A half-drowned cavern where two currents meet

to 20 mintermediate

Rock cover that puts you close to passing mantas

18–22 mintermediate

Whitetips lying up between boulders on white sand

to 20 mintermediate

A mushroom rock you can circle in one dive

to 25 madvanced

Limestone swim-throughs off a white sand beach

to 20 mintermediate

Skipjack tuna running the ledges, with whale sharks behind them

18–25 madvanced
  • Donsol Bay

    Plankton-rich bay where whale sharks feed; snorkel interaction only.

  • Ticao Pass

    Channel drift between islands with strong current and passing pelagics.

  • San Miguel Island

    Sheltered reef used as an alternative when the pass is unworkable.

How to get to Donsol & Ticao Pass

Legazpi is the usual arrival airport, about an hour and a half by road from Donsol town, where whale shark trips are registered at the community-run visitor centre. Ticao Pass is a long open-boat run from Donsol, so divers focused on the Bowl usually stay at a lodge on Ticao Island and let it handle the transfer. Everything here is day-boat.

Photos from Donsol & Ticao Pass

  • jackylim · CC BY-SA 3.0

Dive videos

Philippines : Scuba diving in Donsol and Ticao · Laurent Guigue on YouTube

Diving Ticao Island 2023 (GoPro11, 5.3K) · Jamie Turner on YouTube

Photo credits

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