Reefwander
Common dolphins hunt a dense ball of sardines underwater off South Africa during the sardine run

Africa · South Africa

Wild Coast Sardine Run

Bronze whalers and common dolphins tear through sardine baitballs in open water.

Photo: Borut Furlan · CC BY-SA 4.0

Each austral winter, vast shoals of sardines migrate north along South Africa's Wild Coast, drawing common dolphins, Bryde's whales, bronze whaler sharks, and diving Cape gannets into a frenzy of baitball predation. Divers snorkel or scuba from small boats that chase the action across open water between Port St Johns and Mboyti, with no fixed reef — every day is a hunt for the shoal itself, and encounters range from spectacular to a no-show.

About diving in Wild Coast Sardine Run

Days here are long and mostly spent looking. Boats leave at first light, push out through the surf or the river-mouth bar, then run the coastline for hours while the crew reads the surface: circling gannets, a slick of scales and oil, dolphins moving with purpose. Skippers trade positions over the radio and some operators keep a spotter aircraft up. When something is found the call comes fast, and everyone is expected to be kitted, sitting on the tube and over the side within seconds of the engines cutting.

Once you are in the water there is nothing to navigate by. The continental shelf runs close in along this coast, so deep water sits a short distance off the beach, and the shoals push north inside a narrow band of cool water. Dives are shallow, rarely past 20 m, short and improvised, because you go where the fish are going rather than to a briefed plan, and the water shifts hour to hour from green and grainy to open blue.

The set piece is a baitball, sardines packed into a turning sphere that gets whittled from every side at once. Most of it is watched on a breath-hold: bubbles and a slow descent cost you the action, so snorkellers often see more than divers, and scuba is saved for slower encounters. Sound carries much of it, and Cape gannets folding up and hitting the water at speed are audible well before anything comes into view.

It suits people who can spend a week on the water and accept coming home empty on several of those days. Fitness counts for more than logged dives: repeated entries from a moving boat, water in the high teens and hours of open swell wear down anyone prone to seasickness. Photographers should arrive rigged for wide angle. If you want a briefed reef and a guaranteed species list, this is the wrong trip; if you want to watch the ocean feed, book a block of days and stay flexible.

Best time to dive Wild Coast Sardine Run

Wild Coast Sardine Run season rating, sea surface temperature, daytime high and rainfall by month, 2011–2025 averages
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
SeasonOff-seasonOff-seasonOff-seasonOff-seasonGoodPrimePrimeFairOff-seasonOff-seasonOff-seasonOff-season
Sea surface25°C77°F25°C77°F25°C77°F24°C75°F23°C73°F22°C72°F21°C70°F21°C70°F21°C70°F21°C70°F23°C73°F24°C75°F
Daytime high35°C95°F34°C93°F34°C93°F32°C90°F30°C86°F27°C81°F27°C81°F32°C90°F34°C93°F34°C93°F34°C93°F34°C93°F
Rain152 mm6.0 in125 mm4.9 in141 mm5.6 in122 mm4.8 in55 mm2.2 in43 mm1.7 in45 mm1.8 in40 mm1.6 in76 mm3.0 in108 mm4.3 in117 mm4.6 in147 mm5.8 in
Wild Coast Sardine Run season rating, sea surface temperature, daytime high and rainfall by month, January to June, 2011–2025 averages
JanFebMarAprMayJun
Off-seasonOff-seasonOff-seasonOff-seasonGoodPrime
Sea surface
25°C77°F25°C77°F25°C77°F24°C75°F23°C73°F22°C72°F
Daytime high
35°C95°F34°C93°F34°C93°F32°C90°F30°C86°F27°C81°F
Rain
152 mm6.0 in125 mm4.9 in141 mm5.6 in122 mm4.8 in55 mm2.2 in43 mm1.7 in
Wild Coast Sardine Run season rating, sea surface temperature, daytime high and rainfall by month, July to December, 2011–2025 averages
JulAugSepOctNovDec
PrimeFairOff-seasonOff-seasonOff-seasonOff-season
Sea surface
21°C70°F21°C70°F21°C70°F21°C70°F23°C73°F24°C75°F
Daytime high
27°C81°F32°C90°F34°C93°F34°C93°F34°C93°F34°C93°F
Rain
45 mm1.8 in40 mm1.6 in76 mm3.0 in108 mm4.3 in117 mm4.6 in147 mm5.8 in

2011–2025 averages. Sea surface: NOAA Coral Reef Watch, measured at the surface, so deeper water can run colder. Daytime high and rain: NASA POWER.

Peak sardine migration runs June-July; some years the shoal is thin or absent, an inherent unpredictability of this wild event.

Best months: June, July

Sardine Run water temperature and weather by month

The sea surface runs from 21 °C (70 °F) in August to 25 °C (77 °F) in February. It is 24 °C (75 °F) or warmer from December to April. Most rain falls from October to April, peaking at about 150 mm (5.9 in) in January; it stays largely dry from May to August. Daytime highs reach 35 °C (95 °F) in January and drop to 27 °C (81 °F) in June. Below the surface the water can drop to about 16 °C (61 °F), so pack a 7 mm suit with a hood, or a semi-dry.

Dive types & marine life

The commercial season runs from mid-May to mid-July, with June and July the weeks worth planning around; by August the shoals have usually passed north or broken up. Common dolphins do most of the herding, with bronze whalers, Bryde's whales and plunge-diving Cape gannets on the baitballs. Humpbacks pass northbound through midwinter, and blank days still turn up travelling dolphin pods.

  • Pelagic & blue water
  • Drift
  • Sardine baitballs
  • Dolphins
  • Whales

Best dive sites in Wild Coast Sardine Run

Pelagic & blue water

A massive shoal was reported off the bay during the 2011 run

to 10 madvanced

Reef

One of two launch points for the Pondoland reefs, 12 to 40 metres

12–40 madvanced

Pelagic & blue water

Bait balls 10-20 m across, worked from the surface to 10 metres

to 10 madvanced

How to get to Wild Coast Sardine Run

Trips are sold as week-long packages based in or around Port St Johns. Mthatha has the nearest airport and the rest is road; from Durban or East London it is a long drive. Boats relocate down to Coffee Bay or up to Mboyti when the shoal does, which is why you buy days rather than dives. Beds and boat seats are limited, so book well ahead.

Photos from Wild Coast Sardine Run

  • Stanislav Stelmakhovich · CC0

  • Stanislav Stelmakhovich · CC0

  • Thomas Fuhrmann · CC BY-SA 4.0

Dive videos

Sardine Run South Africa - Wildcoast, Baitballs, Diving Birds, Whales, Sharks · Behind the Mask on YouTube

Photo credits

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Run a dive centre, club or blog? Embed this map of 3 dive sites near Sardine Run on your own page.

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