Reefwander
Jagged slate cliffs at Malin Head with Atlantic swell breaking below under a moody sky

Cold Water · Ireland

Malin Head

Sherman tanks lie on the seabed beside the SS Empire Heritage

Photo: Chmee2 or Mates · CC BY-SA 3.0

The water off Ireland's northernmost point is a graveyard of the First World War Atlantic convoys, and the wrecks are of a scale found almost nowhere else. HMS Audacious, a 23,000-tonne dreadnought mined in 1914, lies upside down at 64 m; the liner RMS Justicia, torpedoed repeatedly over two days in 1918, is scattered at 70 m; and the SS Empire Heritage went down in 1944 still carrying a deck cargo of Sherman tanks, which sit on the seabed beside her.

About diving in Malin Head

This is a charter operation rather than a dive holiday. A day means an early start, a long steam offshore in a hard boat, and one dive planned around slack water on a shot dropped onto the wreck. Bottom time is short and the ascent is not, so teams hang on the line and finish drifting on a marker before the pickup. Some days end with a shallower second dive inshore. Plenty of days end with nothing at all, because the sea made the decision before the crew did.

There is no scenery to speak of at the depths that matter. The ground is a swept seabed with enormous steel structures standing on it, and the dives are about scale rather than terrain: hull plating running off into the dark, boilers and machinery standing clear of the sand, debris fields spread wider than any single dive can cover. Atlantic water keeps visibility high for this latitude, but depth strips the colour out, so everything worth seeing is seen by torchlight.

The named ships are the draw, but the ground holds more than those, and identification on some hulls is still argued over — the Empire Heritage and the rescue ship Pinto, lost to the same U-boat within hours of her, are reported to have been mistaken for one another. The written history is uneven too: the Admiralty is generally held to have kept the loss of Audacious out of official announcements until after the Armistice. Serious teams work one ship per trip, several dives across a week, each planned as a look at one section.

Sort the logistics before the diving. Gas fills and rebreather consumables have to be arranged with the charter or brought from home, the kit travel is heavy, and there is no walking away from an equipment problem once you are offshore. All of these hulls are grave sites and the First World War ships are now old enough for Ireland's historic-wreck protections, so charters dive them look-only. The filter is otherwise an honest one: the divers who get value here already dive as a settled team and can lose most of a booked week to a forecast without it wrecking the trip. Everyone else gets the inshore rock and kelp.

Best time to dive Malin Head

Malin Head season rating, sea surface temperature, daytime high and rainfall by month, 2011–2025 averages
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
SeasonOff-seasonOff-seasonOff-seasonFairGoodPrimePrimePrimeGoodFairOff-seasonOff-season
Sea surface9°C48°F8°C46°F8°C46°F9°C48°F10°C50°F12°C54°F14°C57°F15°C59°F15°C59°F13°C55°F12°C54°F10°C50°F
Daytime high11°C52°F11°C52°F11°C52°F13°C55°F15°C59°F18°C64°F19°C66°F18°C64°F18°C64°F16°C61°F14°C57°F12°C54°F
Rain129 mm5.1 in117 mm4.6 in96 mm3.8 in72 mm2.8 in89 mm3.5 in89 mm3.5 in105 mm4.1 in116 mm4.6 in101 mm4.0 in141 mm5.6 in135 mm5.3 in166 mm6.5 in
Malin Head season rating, sea surface temperature, daytime high and rainfall by month, January to June, 2011–2025 averages
JanFebMarAprMayJun
Off-seasonOff-seasonOff-seasonFairGoodPrime
Sea surface
9°C48°F8°C46°F8°C46°F9°C48°F10°C50°F12°C54°F
Daytime high
11°C52°F11°C52°F11°C52°F13°C55°F15°C59°F18°C64°F
Rain
129 mm5.1 in117 mm4.6 in96 mm3.8 in72 mm2.8 in89 mm3.5 in89 mm3.5 in
Malin Head season rating, sea surface temperature, daytime high and rainfall by month, July to December, 2011–2025 averages
JulAugSepOctNovDec
PrimePrimeGoodFairOff-seasonOff-season
Sea surface
14°C57°F15°C59°F15°C59°F13°C55°F12°C54°F10°C50°F
Daytime high
19°C66°F18°C64°F18°C64°F16°C61°F14°C57°F12°C54°F
Rain
105 mm4.1 in116 mm4.6 in101 mm4.0 in141 mm5.6 in135 mm5.3 in166 mm6.5 in

2011–2025 averages. Sea surface: NOAA Coral Reef Watch, measured at the surface, so deeper water can run colder. Daytime high and rain: NASA POWER.

May–Sep only, and even then the charter runs on a handful of settled days; Atlantic swell closes the ground for weeks.

Best months: June, July, August

Malin Head water temperature and weather by month

The sea surface runs from 8 °C (46 °F) in March to 15 °C (59 °F) in August. Rain falls through the year, about 110 mm (4.3 in) a month on average, with December the wettest. Daytime highs reach 19 °C (66 °F) in July and drop to 11 °C (52 °F) in February. The coldest water here is about 8 °C (46 °F), so pack a drysuit.

Dive types & marine life

The steel is the habitat: soft corals and plumose anemones over the wreckage, conger and ling in the gaps, and shoals of pollack and saithe hanging above the higher structure. Nudibranchs, kelp and grey seals belong to the shallower inshore dives rather than to the wrecks. All of it depends on the settled May–Sep window.

  • Wreck
  • Wall
  • Reef
  • Kelp forest
  • Seals & sea lions
  • Macro critters
  • Nudibranchs
  • Reef fish swarms

Best dive sites in Malin Head

'B' turret was blown clear of the wreck by the explosion

58–68 madvanced

A 1944 tanker lost with Sherman tanks aboard, at around 70 m

to 70 madvanced

A 226 m troop ship sunk in 1918, broken on the seabed at 70 m off Malin Head

to 70 madvanced

22 of the 3,211 gold bars she carried are still unaccounted for

30–40 madvanced
  • Inishtrahull

    Offshore island with rock walls and seals, dived between wrecks.

How to get to Malin Head

City of Derry is the nearest airport, with Belfast and Dublin the longer drives, and from any of them it is a road trip up the Inishowen peninsula. Carndonagh, Culdaff and Malin are the usual bases and a car is essential. Everything runs from a hard boat off the small Inishowen piers: there is no shore diving on this ground and no liveaboard.

Photos from Malin Head

  • N Chadwick · CC BY-SA 2.0

Dive videos

Wreck Diving the Malin Head 'classics' 2019 · Kieran Hatton on YouTube

Diving Into a Real Battleship Wreck - HMS Audacious! · Deep Wreck Diver on YouTube

Photo credits

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